Polonium
Marie Curie not only discovered Polonium, but she also named it. Marie named Polonium after her home country, Poland.
Radiation
Marie Curie was known for dealing with radiation. She was often caught with a test tube of radium in her lab coat pocket. But, all the radiation eventually got to her and she passed away from aplastic anemia, which is caused from too much exposure to radiation.
She also learned that the strength of the radiation was dependent on the amount of uranium or thorium and had nothing to do with the compound in which it was mixed. This was important because it helped kill tumors.
Teaching
After her husband Pierre passed away, she took over his teaching job at the Sorbonne, being the first woman professor.